Y and Z, and letters that come in pairs

The last two letters

y and z close the alphabet. The y is unusual: at the start of a word it works like a consonant (yes), and at the end it works like a vowel (happy, my). The z is the rarest letter in English after x – you meet it in zoo and zero and not much else.

Y is two strokes meeting, then one going down – below the line in the small shape. Z is three strokes: across, down-left, across again.

English also writes some letters twice in a row, and a doubled letter is still one sound: ll in all, ss in miss, ee in see, oo in book. The doubling is not decoration – it usually tells you the vowel before it stays short.

WrittenIn the wordWhat it means
llallevery one of them
ssmissnot to hit or not to catch
eeseeto look at with your eyes
oobookpages you read

a yellow book

I see you

Words in this lesson

WordMeaningExample
yesyesYes, I am.
yellowyellowA yellow box.
zoozooThe zoo is big.
bookbookA good book.
seeseeI see a tree.
allallAll the eggs.
happyhappyA happy day.

Exercises

This lesson has 10 exercises in the app:

  • trace the letter: 3
  • multiple choice: 3
  • fill the gap: 2
  • match the pairs: 1
  • listen and type: 1

Try the first one

Write the small letter that begins the word zoo.

    The answer, the other exercises, the audio and your progress are in the app – free at A0 and A1.

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